Often faced with malfunctions and problems in the operation of a gas boiler, users attribute them to marriage, poor-quality production. In fact, most people do not understand the features of the functioning of boilers. Meanwhile, many problems arise due to incorrect settings, unstable pressure or voltage. Consider which malfunctions require repair, and which only your attention.
Signs and types of breakdowns
The problems of double-circuit and single-circuit boilers "Ariston", "Ferroli", "Lemax" can be different:
- Alternating faults. Occur when the external parameters do not match the operating settings of the device. For example, due to power surges;
- Primary and secondary. When appearing on the screen for the first time, the code indicates a system problem. If the problem has not been fixed, the error will appear a second time;
- Obvious and non-obvious. During inspection, you can see damage to the heat exchanger. But there are such malfunctions - flow, increased pressure - the causes of which can only be found by a specialist;
- Sudden and gradual. In the first case, the equipment may turn off without preliminary signs. The second reason is the wear of parts.
Consider the main signs of damage, the causes of their occurrence and the possibility of doing it yourself.
Gas boiler problems
The main problems arise at the beginning of work: there is no fire or goes out too quickly, smoke appears.
The burner burns poorly, the flame goes out
The Baxi boiler does not turn on after the burner has extinguished. Why it happens?
The draft is broken. If there is no draft, then boilers with an open combustion chamber will not be able to maintain a stable flame. How to check its availability? Light a match and bring it to the control window. If the flame deviates to the side, there is draft, if it burns evenly - no.
For problems with air supply, the chimney must be cleaned. It is not always possible to do it yourself, so you should contact the utilities.
It happens that the air flow, on the contrary, is too strong, causing the flame to die out. To regulate the flow, dampers are installed.
Icing the chimney shaft interferes with air circulation. Knock down the ice and insulate the outer pipes.
Power surges. In turbocharged boilers, the operation of the fan is lost, which drives air through the system. The installation of a voltage stabilizer is recommended.
Mixed phase and zero connections. Because of this, the fan does not work. Reconnect items correctly.
The ignitor is off. Check the location of the ignition electrode, condition of the igniter, contacts.
The piezo ignition button does not work. Inspect the wiring, replace the item.
Defective draft sensor. For this reason, the burner does not light for a long time. After ignition, the flame goes out, the technique does not ignite again. You can understand why the device does not work by closing the terminals together. If it was possible to ignite, it means that the problem is in the sensor that needs to be replaced.
The boiler smokes
Damage can be observed in wall and floor models. When you turn on the ignition unit is soot. This happens with a low concentration of air in the fuel, when not all gas is burned immediately. The troubleshooting is carried out by adjusting the air on the burner. How to do it:
- Find the adjustment washer;
- Adjust the air supply up or down. This should be done with the burner lit;
- See how the burner burns. If there is too much air, a hum will be heard during combustion, vibration, flame failure from the burner. If not enough, then a red fire appears with yellow blotches. With normal flow, the flame is gray and even.
Also, the reason for the appearance of soot is the combustion of dust in the air, for example, if the AOGW burner is clogged with it. Use a brush to clean the air ducts and other items from contamination.
Burner flame off
When the device starts, the flame is unstable, the tabs come off the nozzles. The main problem is traction. With any changes up or down, the heating will be unstable. This causes the flame sensor to trip and the system to shut down. Therefore, it is recommended to periodically check the chimney.
Deformation of nozzles. Parts could be damaged when cleaning. Due to the deformation of the holes, the gas enters in parts. Repair and replacement of damaged items is required.
Damage to the gas valve, pressure sensor, diode bridge. Elements are being diagnosed. In case of damage, serviceable components are installed.
High or low pressure in the line. If this happens often, it is better to contact the master. A little pressure on the pressure gauge can cause popping when fired up. In this case, the location of the igniter in relation to the gas pipeline changes.
Boiler attenuation during the hot season
It is noticed that many boilers begin to malfunction in the summer or hot weather. The point is the temperature difference in the street and in the chimney shaft. In warm time, the equipment does not work constantly, it is turned on only for heating water. During the night, the pipe cools down, and subsequently the draft deteriorates. To normalize, the chimney warms up.
Another possible cause is a malfunction in the draft sensor. Replacing.
The heat carrier for heating and hot water supply does not heat up
Common causes of lack of heat:
- Problems with the gas valve. Check and adjust the settings;
- The heat exchanger is clogged with scale. A thick layer of plaque worsens heat transfer, while consuming a large amount of fuel. You can descale the tubes with special reagents or home remedies;
- Faulty temperature sensors. Automation does not work. Diagnostics and installation of serviceable parts;
- Blocked pump. Configure his readings on the checkbox, unlock the work;
If the water does not heat only for domestic hot water, check the three-way valve. He is responsible for switching the heating between heating and domestic hot water. What to do and how to check the valve:
- Turn off the boiler "Proterm";
- Wait for the coolant to cool;
- Light the burner and open the hot mixer;
- Touch the radiator. If it is hot, then the valve is broken and needs to be replaced.
The causes of such malfunctions are also blockages in the system, leakage of connections, fistulas in the heat exchanger.
The device is working loudly, popping, whistling
Noise and cracking during equipment operation may cause scale. With a large accumulation of salts on the walls of the radiator, the water overheats and boils. Therefore, a noise is heard from a boiling kettle.
Sometimes the pieces of scale break off, so there is noise. This is fraught with clogging of pipes and obstruction of water. Be sure to clean.
When air accumulates in the line, nozzles begin to whistle. Release excess air and the noise will stop.
Quick wear of parts
The main reason for the rapid wear of the components of the device is clocking. This is an automatic on and off. As soon as the water in the circuit cools, the thermostat will indicate a decrease in temperature and the boiler will start. Upon reaching maximum heating, the technician will turn off again.
There is nothing wrong with this function, just the opposite - it is needed to save energy. But if the pipes cool down very quickly, then clocking occurs often. Because of this, the components of the device wear out. How to fix the situation:
- Flame modulation. If it cannot be adjusted on your burner, install a new one;
- Setting the thermostat;
- Installing a heat accumulator.
Heating equipment requires maintenance and inspection. This way you avoid many operational problems.Do not delay the repair when signs of malfunction appear.